These are the basic components a typical setup of a RO/DI unit.
Each section listed here could actually consist of multiple cartridges.
For example, some units use two or more canisters for sediment prefilters, some units use a series of specific carbon media for source water with chloramine, etc.
Sediment prefilter
Carbon filter
RO Membrane
DI Resin Canister
Depending on your water supply quality, you may need to add more components to your sediment prefilter stages or carbon filter stages.
Some people also add a second DI resin cartridge to avoid potential TDS bypass as the DI resin nears complete exhaustion.